Какое масло лучше заливать в двигатель приора 16 клапанов: Какое масло заливать в Приору 16-клапанную: рекомендации завода и специалистов

Какое масло лучше заливать в двигатель лада приора 16 клапанов: выбираем и меняем

Сегодня масло для Приоры можно купить в любом автомагазине, однако нужно иметь базовые представления о том, что собой представляет это вещество и как его выбирать. Первые мысли о том, что в движке понадобится смазочное вещество, появились еще в середине 19 столетия, когда Ленуар пытался создать первый двигатель внутреннего сгорания, и при этом поршни постоянно клинило в цилиндрах.

Зачем нужно масло и каковы его составляющие?

Автомобильная смазка

Масло в моторе нужно для того, чтобы снижать коэффициент трения для двух металлических поверхностей. Кроме того, оно помогает удалять продукты износа и частицы несгоревшего бензина из пар трения, участвует в охлаждении деталей и их защите от коррозии.

Современные масла состоят из базовых компонентов (минеральные получаются при перегонке нефти, а синтетические — при химическом синтезе, на специализированныьх заводах), которые влияют на температурные и вязкостные свойства, и пакета присадок, с помощью которых создаются особые качества масел.

Например, стандартное масло содержит около восьми долей базовых компонентов, одну долю модификаторов вязкости и одну долю присадок. В присадки может входить диспергатор (дает возможность не выпадать присадкам в осадок), детергент (моющее средство), антиоксидант, противоизносные вещества и др. Поэтому смазка для двигателя — это сложное вещество, состав которого подбирается и тестируется иногда 3 года и более.

Распространенные заблуждения о моторном масле

Перед тем как решить, какое масло заливать, имеет смысл ознакомиться с часто встречающимися заблуждениями в этой сфере:

• Если масло у Приоры потемнело, то его нужно менять досрочно. Не всегда это требуется, т. к. оно темнеет из-за того, что моющие компоненты растворяют продукты от неполного сгорания бензина. Таким образом, смазка помогает поддерживать элементы двигателя в чистоте.
• Период замены можно определять на «глаз». Это неверное утверждение, т. к. замену нужно делать в строгом соответствии с рекомендациями производителя.
• Масло можно менять нерегулярно. В действительности, при пропуске одной замены, отложения в двигателе увеличивают свою интенсивность, что ведет к замедлению циркуляции и потенциальной поломке мотора авто.
• Стоит выбирать только дорогую продукцию. Это неверно, т. к. при несоблюдении рекомендаций производителя, даже дорогие образцы могут нанести вред в процессе эксплуатации.
• Всесезонное масло хуже по качеству, чем сезонное. Какое масло лучше заливать? Ответ: можно с легкостью пользоваться всесезонным, т. к. его разрабатывают для сложных условий эксплуатации и тестируют на всепогодных стендах (от африканской пустыни до снегов Якутии).

Важны характеристики смазки

• Между минеральными маслами и «синтетикой» нет никакой разницы. На самом деле она есть и заключается в том, что минеральные масла быстрее теряют свои рабочие характеристики, интенсивнее окисляются, оставляют на двигателе шлаки, поэтому для машин с большим временным интервалом между сервисами стоит брать именно синтетические варианты.
• Неверным является и утверждение о том, что смешивание синтетических и минеральных вариантов не навредит двигателю Приоры. Это можно делать только в крайних случаях, когда на трассе нет возможности долить масло той же марки. При этом при первой возможности нужно полностью заменить масляную жидкость на единый образец.
• ГСМ нельзя проверить в домашних условиях. Конечно, детального анализа не получится, но, если при помещении капли масла на газету (забирается щупом), оно образует устойчивую каплю, то замена масла в двигателе просто необходима.
• Моторное масло нужно дополнять подходящими вспомогательными присадками. Это делать не нужно, т. к. производитель подбирает сбалансированную композицию, в которой дополнительные элементы будут только мешать.
• Масло лить в Приору можно только после промывочного. Это, опять же, не так. Качественные современные ГСМ обладают хорошей диспергирующей и моющей способностями, поэтому промывка мотору нужна не всегда. Лучше просто сократить интервал замены.

Какое масло залить в двигатель Приоры?

Моторные масла различаются для бензиновых, дизельных и турбированных движков и по диапазону температур возможного применения.

Масло на Приору нужно выбирать, исходя из конкретной модели этого авто. Например, на Приору 1,6i литра с двигателем 21116 (ставят с 2011 года) стоит брать рекомендуемые образцы с характеристиками:

Наименование	Диапазон температур
5W-30	от минус 25-30°С до плюс 20-25°С
5W-40	от минус 25-30°С до плюс 35-40°С
10W-40	от минус 20-25°С до плюс 35-40°С
15W-40	от минус 10-15°С до плюс 35-40 °С

Для некоторых регионов может подойти и образец 0W, который позволяет эксплуатировать машину при минус 30-35°С. Кроме того, существуют масла, предназначенные только для летнего употребления, а также образцы энергосберегающего класса с низкой вязкостью и дополнительным пакетом присадок (предназначены для соответствующих двигателей).

Мотор Приора

На Приоре может стоять 126 мотор (диаметр цилиндра 8,2 см, выпускается с 2007 года), 127 мотор (диаметр цилиндра 8,2 см, выпускается с 2013 года) или 128 мотор (диаметр цилиндра 8,25 см, выпускается с 2003 года). Для них подходит масло с такими же характеристиками, как на двигатель 21116. Год выпуска двигателя влияет на используемое масло, в соответствии с рекомендациями API. К примеру, на 128 мотор желательно ставить ГСМ с маркировкой SL/SM, а на остальные варианты — с маркировкой SM, которая означает, что масло разработано для двигателей, выпущенных после 2004 года.

Поэтому перед тем как решить, какое масло заливать, нужно внимательно ознакомиться со спецификацией на собственный автомобиль. Нужно учитывать и то, какой пробег он имеет. Считается, что чем больше отработал движок, тем больше должна быть цифра перед литерой W (означает зимний период эксплуатации).

Завод-изготовитель рекомендует залить в Приору новое масло после пробега в 15 000 километров. В запыленных местностях этот показатель снижается до 10 т000 километров. Вместе с ГСМ обычно меняется и масляный фильтр, что позволяет избежать попадания частичек грязи в новую смазку. Для этого берем новое масло и фильтр, тряпку, щетку с металлическими зубьями, ключ на «17», емкость для сливаемого масла (его ни в коем случае нельзя сливать на землю!), ключ для выворачивания фильтра.

Меняем масло и масляный фильтр

Слив старой смазки

Последовательность работ:

1. Прогреваем двигатель до рабочей температуры.
2. Ставим машину на подъемник.
3. Открываем капот, выворачиваем пробку от маслоналивной горловины.
4. Снимаем брызговик от двигателя. Для этого берем два ключа, на «19» и на «10». Отворачиваем гайки крепления, удерживая от проворачивания (на «19»), потом убираем пять гаек крепления (ключом на «10»), снимаем брызговик.
5. Очищаем пробку отверстия для слива масла на картере с помощью щетки и тряпки.
6. Ослабляем затяжку на пробке.
7. Подставляем емкость для масла (можно сделать воронку из бутылки).
8. Выворачиваем пробку, сливаем масло.
9. Специальным ключом отворачиваем фильтр.
10. Теперь можно масло залить в фильтр на 2/3 для того, чтобы при первом пуске детали привода клапанов испытывали минимум «масляного голода».
11. Смазываем маслом уплотнительное кольцо (может быть обработано самим изготовителем, например, тальком).
12. Заворачиваем фильтр обратно на 0,75 оборота, пока не соприкоснутся фланец блока цилиндров и кольцо.
13. Отворачиваем на горловине для залива масла пробку и заливаем ГСМ (его можно заливать с помощью воронки, сделанной из бутылки).
14. При помощи щупа проверяем уровень (он должен находиться посередине между минимальным и максимальным значениями), заворачиваем пробку.
15. Запускаем двигатель на холостом ходу и даем поработать пару минут. Проверяем, не течет ли масло из фильтра и из-под пробки сливного отверстия.
16. Останавливаем движок, проверяем уровень масла, доливаем при необходимости, затягиваем фильтр и пробку от сливного отверстия.
17. Ставим брызговик обратно.

Сколько масла нужно залить в двигатель Приоры? Документация от производителя сообщает, что для мотора требуется 3,5 литра, а доливать нужно около 3,2 литров. По сравнению, например, с Нивой, Приора является весьма экономичным авто в плане потребления этого вида горюче-смазочных материалов, так как «кушает» пятьдесят г масла на 1000 км (Нива — до одного литра в условиях бездорожья).

Стандартные проблемы с маслом на Приоре и других моделях

Теперь вы знаете, какое масло заливать и как это делать. В ряде случаев в прогретом двигателе масло дает недостаточное давление. Здесь может быть несколько причин и способов их устранения.

Заливка смазки

1. Засорен масляный фильтр или используется масло несоответствующей марки. Их можно поменять, как указано выше.
2. Ослабло крепление от маслоприемника или он засорен. Нужно заменить маслоприемник.
3. Масло разжижено или вспенивается. В этом случае возможно проникновение в картер охлаждающей жидкости или топлива, и нужно устранять ту или иную причину и менять масло.
4. Загрязнена рабочая полость из-за изношенности частей масляного насоса, которые нужно заменить.
5. Заглушки масляных каналов установлены неплотно или отсутствуют. Дефект исчерпывается восстановлением герметичности, заменой заглушек.
6. В стенках масляных каналов блока цилиндров появились трещины. Возможно, потребуется полная замена блока.
7. Зазор между вкладышами подшипников (шатунных и коренных) и шейками коленвала увеличен. Нужно заменить вкладыши и отшлифовать шейки.
8. Зазор между дном масляного картера и маслоприемником уменьшен. Такая ситуация возможна после удара днищем или повреждения маслоприемника. Нужно исправлять масляный картер от деформации или менять маслоприемник.

Иногда масло заливать приходится чаще, чем обычно, в связи с подтеканием ГСМ через уплотнители, засорением вентиляции в картере, износом поршневых колец, цилиндров двигателя, поломкой колец. Также Приора больше «кушает», если повреждены или изношены маслосъемные колпачки, закоксованы пазы в канавках поршней, изношены стержни клапанов или втулок (направляющих). В этих случаях, как правило, проводится замена соответствующих деталей или промывка вентилятора, или расточка цилиндров и обновление масла.

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The head gasket is responsible for sealing oil pressure between the engine block and the cylinder head.This kind of leak can be difficult to find because of the engine’s accessories, mainly the exhaust and intake manifolds which are in the way. There is no easy fix for this problem and the cylinder head will need to be removed and the gasket replaced. 90006 90004 90024 14. Distributor Oil Leak 90025 90006 90004 Engine designed with an ignition distributor use an O ring seal which is located on the outside of the distributor housing which control oil between the housing the engine block.When this seal becomes hard and cracks oil will leak from the base of the distributor. This problem is not too hard to detect and is usually on the upper part of the engine are mounted to the cylinder head. To fix this problem remove the distributor and replace the seal and then reinstall the unit. 90006 90004 SPONSORED LINKS 90006 90002 Got Any Question? 90003 90004 If you have any engine oil leak questions please visit our forum.If you need car repair advice, please ask our community of mechanics is happy to help you and it is always 100% free. 90006 90004 We hope you enjoyed this guide and videos. We are creating a full set of car repair guides. Please subscribe to our 2CarPros YouTube channel and check back often for new videos which are uploaded almost every day. 90006 90004 Article published 2018-05-29 90006 .90000 importance of flash point Archives 90001 90002 90003 What are the functions of a lubricant? 90004 90005 90006 90007 Separate entirely the contact surfaces, thereby reducing static and dynamic friction to least possible value to prevent wear and tear. 90008 90007 Remove heat generated within the bearing. 90008 90007 Protection of the working surfaces against corrosion. 90008 90007 Removal of contaminants. 90008 90007 Dampen noise produced.90008 90007 Act as a sealant. 90008 90019 90002 90003 What are the Types of Lubrication on Ships? 90004 90005 90024 90007 Hydrodynamic Lubrication or Full fluid film lubrication. 90008 90007 Boundary Lubrication or Thin film lubrication. 90008 90007 Hydrostatic Lubrication or Thick film lubrication. 90008 90007 Elasto-hydrodynamic Lubrication or Thin film or square film lubrication. 90008 90033 90002 90003 What are the Properties of crankcase lubricating oil? 90004 90005 90024 90007 Viscosity: To be suitable for the purpose 90008 90007 Viscosity index: To be high 90008 90007 Pour Point: Must be low 90008 90007 Flash point: Must be high 90008 90007 Oxidation stability: To be high 90008 90007 Carbon residues: To be low 90008 90007 Total acid number or TAN: To be suitable for the purpose 90008 90007 Total basic number or TBN: To be suitable for the purpose 90008 90007 Detergency: For cleaning 90008 90007 Dispersancy: To facilitate purification 90008 90033 90002 90003 90004 90003 What is viscosity? 90004 90005 90024 90007 It is a measure of internal resistance to flow between liquid layers.90008 90007 Viscosity of lube oil reduces when temperature rises and vice versa. 90008 90007 For engine crankcase lube oil, viscosity is 130 to 240 Redwood No-1 seconds 60 ° C. 90008 90007 For cylinder oil, viscosity is 12.5 — 22 Cst 90008 90033 90002 90003 What is viscosity index? 90004 90005 90024 90007 It is the rate of change of viscosity of an oil with respect to change in temperature. 90008 90007 An oil with low viscosity index has greater change of viscosity with change in temperature.90008 90007 An oil with high viscosity index has very little change of viscosity with change in temperature, which is a desirable property for lubricating oil. 90008 90007 For crankcase oil, viscosity index is 75 to 85. 90008 90007 For cylinder oil, viscosity index is 85. 90008 90007 Viscosity index of mineral oils is highest, about 115 and this may be raised to about 160 by adding special additives. 90008 90007 Hydraulic oils should have high viscosity index for faster response of the system.It is usually around 110. 90008 90033 90002 90003 What is a pour point? 90004 90005 90024 90007 It is the lowest temperature below which an oil will stop flow. 90008 90007 Pour point indicates that oil is suitable for cold weather or not. 90008 90007 Pour point of engine crankcase should be -18 ° C. 90008 90033 90002 90003 What is the flash point? 90004 90005 90024 90007 It is the lowest temperature at which the oil will give off a sufficient inflammable vapour to produce a momentary flash when a small flame is brought into the surface of the oil.90008 90007 Close flash point for crankcase lubricating oil is around 220 ° C. 90008 90033 90002 90003 Why flash point is important? 90004 90005 90024 90007 Fuel oil flash point is to be high because if it is low, there would be a possibility of fire in storage. 90008 90007 Engine crankcase lubricating oil flash point should be as high as possible to prevent crankcase explosion. 90008 90007 For safe storage, oil storage tank heating temperature to be limited to at least 14 ° C lower than flash point to prevent fire.90008 90033 90130 90003 Average Closed Flash Points 90004 90133 90024 90007 Petrol = -20 ° C 90008 90007 70cSt Fuel Oil = 71 ° C. 90008 90007 Paraffin = 40 ° C 90008 90007 Lube Oil = 220 ° C 90008 90007 Diesel Oil = 65 ° C 90008 90033 90002 90003 What is Total Acid Number or TAN and Total Base Number or TBN? 90004 90005 90024 90007 The ability of an oil to react with a base reagent which indicates the acidity is expressed as TAN. 90008 90007 The ability of an oil to react with acidic reagent which indicate the alkalinity is expressed as TBN.90008 90007 The results are expressed 90008 90033.90000 How to Check Your Oil in 9 Easy Steps 90001 90002 Motor oil is the blood of the engine. As our tire manager Rubin says, «If there’s no oil, the car will not run for long.» You need the right amount, the right type, at the right time. If any of these things are off, it could spell trouble. 90003 90002 90005 90006 90003 90002 To achieve peak engine performance and longevity, start by learning how to check your oil like a pro. And since that means paying attention to the details, the following step-by-step overview provides some of those, too.90003 90010 90011 90012 9 Steps to Check Your Oil like a Pro 90013 90002 90015 1. 90016 Park your car on level ground to ensure you get an accurate reading. Turn off the engine and wait 10 to 15 minutes for it to cool down. 90003 90002 Manufacturers used to recommend that you check your oil when the engine was cold, to give the oil a chance to settle in the oil pan. As CarTalk notes, however, many manufacturers have since recalibrated their dipsticks to read correctly even when the engine is warm.Check your owner’s manual for vehicle specific instructions. 90003 90002 90015 2. 90016 With the engine off, pop the hood and locate the oil dipstick. It often has a red or orange plastic tab on it. If a quick look around the engine does not help, refer to your owner’s manual. Some newer cars monitor oil levels electronically and do not allow manual oil checks. 90003 90002 90015 Detail: Make it a habit. 90016 90027 Check your oil once per month. Refer to your owner’s manual or rely on your Firestone Complete Auto Care technician for current, engine-specific, oil service interval recommendations.90003 90002 90015 3. 90016 Remove the dipstick. It’s not necessary to wear gloves for this part, but you may want to do so to keep your hands clean. Spoiler alert: You’ll get a sneak peek at your oil’s level and consistency, but an oil dipstick reading at 90032 this 90033 step is unreliable. Keep reading and do not skip step four. 90003 90002 90015 4. 90016 Wipe the dipstick (from the handle to the tip) with a clean rag or paper towel. The reading you get from pulling the dipstick out the first time is not accurate because the motor oil can splash around or wick upward on the dipstick.90003 90002 90015 Detail: Take car tech with you. 90016 90027 Download a smartphone app that reminds you when it’s time to get your car checked. Free maintenance apps such as aCar, myCARFAX, and Auto Care 1 can help you stay on top of your vehicle’s most important service milestones. 90003 90002 90015 5. 90016 Reinsert the dipstick. Be sure to push the dipstick all the way back in, 90027 wait for a second, and then remove it again. 90003 90002 90015 6. 90016 Review the level of oil on both sides of the dipstick.Indicators toward the bottom of the stick will let you know if the oil is low, good, or high. 90003 90002 90015 Detail: Keep it clean. 90016 90027 Motor oil gets contaminated several ways, including debris introduced through the air, tiny metal shavings from the engine itself, and combustion by-products. A clean oil filter helps fend off these contaminants so that your motor oil can do its job. Every Firestone Complete Auto Care oil change comes with a filter change, but not all oil change providers include this in their standard service.90003 90002 90015 7. 90016 Visually inspect the color and consistency of the oil on the stick. This can help you determine the oil’s current effectiveness. If your oil appears black, thick, gritty, or milky, it might be time for an oil change. 90003 90002 90015 8. 90016 Wipe the dipstick off again and put it completely back into its tube. Make sure it is fully inserted. Close the hood. 90003 90002 90015 9. 90016 If your oil check indicated that oil is low, off-colored, or a strange consistency, visit your local Firestone Complete Auto Care to speak with an oil expert.We’ll perform a courtesy checkup and if needed, an expert oil change. 90003 90002 90015 Detail: Turn to the pros to avoid any cons. 90016 90027 Checking your oil and changing it regularly is the number one thing you can do for your engine. Make sure it gets done right, at the right time. Not only will your engine get the care and attention it needs, but you’ll also get peace of mind along with a smooth moving engine! 90003.90000 4 Differences Between Modern and Older Car Engines 90001 90002 Have you ever wondered to yourself what the difference is between old and new car engines? As with any technology, there has been a gradual improvement in efficiency and complexity, as you’d expect. As it turns out quite a lot. 90003 90002 Despite the basic concept remaining relatively unchanged, modern cars have undergone a series of many little improvements over time. In the following article, we’ll focus on 4 interesting examples.90003 90002 Let’s take a look under the hoods of time, shall we? 90003 90008 If it is not broke, do not fix it 90009 90002 The basic principles of the very first cars are still used today. One of the main differences is that modern cars are the result of a pressure to improve the power of engines and ultimately fuel efficiency. In part, this has been market pressure from consumers as well as larger market forces. 90003 90002 It might be useful to think of the analogy between a wolf and a dog. They share the same heritage, have similar characteristics but one would have a tough time in a modern suburb, while the other would flourish.90003 90002 Before we begin we’ll give a brief overview of how an internal combustion engine functions. 90003 90016 Hero of Alexandria’s Early Steam Engine. Source: 90017 Research Gate 90018 90002 An internal combustion engine, in essence, takes a fuel source, like gasoline, mixes it with air, compresses it and ignites it. This causes a series of small explosions that, in turn, drive set of pistons up and down. These pistons are attached to a crankshaft that translates the reciprocating linear motion of the pistons into rotational movement by turning the crankshaft.The crankshaft, in turn, transfers this motion through the transmission, which transmits the power to the wheels of the car. Simple right? 90003 90002 Well, it is a lot more complicated than that, as you’d expect. 90003 90002 Here’s a simple explanation of the basics: 90003 90002 90026 90027 90003 90002 Interestingly, the conversion of reciprocating force into rotational force is nothing new. A very early steam engine was devised by Hero of Alexandria in the 1st-Century AD (pictured above).90003 90002 Even older crankshaft devices are thought to have originated during the Han Dynasty, China. 90003 90008 1. Modern engines are more efficient 90009 90002 Burning fuel, like gasoline, is not particularly efficient. Of all the potential chemical energy in it, around 90036 14-30% 90037 is converted into energy that actually moves the car. The rest is lost to idling, parasitic losses, heat, and friction. 90003 90002 Modern engines have moved a long way to tease out as much energy as possible from the fuel.Direct injection technology, for example, does not pre-mix the fuel and air before reaching the cylinder, like older engines. Rather, fuel is directly injected into the cylinders, This gives about a 90036 1% 90037 improvement. 90003 90002 Turbochargers use exhaust gas to power a turbine that pushes extra air (meaning more oxygen) into the cylinders to further increase efficiency by up to 90036 8% 90037. Variable valve timing and cylinder deactivation further improve efficiency by only allowing the engine to use as much fuel as it actually needs.90003 90002 90048 90027 90003 90008 2. Ultimate Power 90009 90002 As Jeremy Clarkson once said, «It’s all about MPG than MPH nowadays» or maybe it was not him. 90003 90002 Modern cars better fuel efficiency, they are also a lot more powerful. 90003 90002 For instance, A 1983 Chevrolet Malibu had a 90036 3.8-liter V-6 90037 engine could spew out 90036 110 horsepower 90037. By comparison, the 2005 version had a 90036 2.2-liter 90037 inline four cylinder generating 90036 144 horsepower.90037 Not too shabby. 90003 90008 3. Size is everything, or is it? 90009 90002 This drive, no pun intended, for better efficiency in engines has also shrunk their size over time. This is not a coincidence. Car manufacturers have learned that you do not need to make something bigger to make it more powerful. 90003 90002 All you need to do is make the object work smarter. The same technology that has made engines more efficient has had the side effect of making them smaller. 90003 90002 Ford F-series trucks are a great example.The F-150 had two versions in 2011. A 90036 3.5-liter 90037 V-6 engine that generates 90036 365 horsepower 90037 and a 90036 5.0-liter V-8 90037 that generates 90036 360 horsepower 90037. 90003 90002 Ok, you might say, but was not there a 90036 6.2-liter V-8 90037 that generated 90036 411 horsepowe 90037 r? Why, yes, but the fact that a 90036 V-6 90037 engine can almost compete with a larger 90036 V-8 90037 in terms of power is telling. 90003 90002 90094 90027 90003 90008 4. Out with the old 90009 90002 Modern engines are also the result of a gradual replacement of the mechanical parts with electronic ones.This is because electrical parts tend to be less prone to wear and tear like mechanical ones, for one. 90003 90002 They also require less frequent tune-ups, per se. Parts like pumps have increasingly become replaced with electronically controlled ones rather than their analog ancestors. 90003 90002 Carburetors have been replaced with throttle bodies and electronic fuel injection systems. Distributors and caps have been replaced with independent ignition coils controlled by the ECU. Also, sensors monitor everything, more or less.90003 90002 You can also argue newer cars are less secure. 90003 90002 90108 90027 90003 90008 The final word 90009 90002 Although on a basic level modern and old car engines work via the same principle, modern engines have undergone a lot of gradual improvements over time. The main drive has been the race for efficiency over power. A nice set of side effects have resulted in modern engines becoming relatively more powerful and generally smaller. An ever-increasing reliance on electronic control and monitoring systems has slowly been replacing analog ones, for better or worse.90003 90002 All in all, modern car engines are more efficient, smaller, relatively more powerful, smarter and less prone to inevitable mechanical failure. On the other hand, repairs and servicing are now a more highly skilled and time-consuming undertaking. If the price for improved efficiency is an increase in acceptance for complexity, only you can be the judge. 90003 90002 Via: 90017 Team-BHP, 90018 90017 HowStuffWorks 90018 90003.